Most of us got to know steel. We use it in your everyday activity. But have you noticed the way to produce it? And what should it take to produce it? Basically the steel is produced in the big factory in fact it is cooked inside a giant stove called furnace. As well as the cooking itself takes a lot of ingredients inside.

The Blast Furnace and Electric Arc Furnace methods include the two major techniques for producing iron and steel products. Scrap melting may be the major process utilizing Electric Arc Furnaces. Recently, industry competition is becoming increasingly intense, elevating the requirement of a lot more efficient melting process. Capacities in the transformers increasingly becoming larger and electric furnaces are increasing larger worldwide. Within this manufacturing environment, graphite materials which have durability for larger-power operation are expected much more for the use as Graphite Electrode (GE).

GE are manufactured from carbon. Carbon is a nonmetal element with an atomic quantity of 6 as well as the atomic symbol “C”. Carbon may be the base of organic chemistry, closely related to organic matter and life activity. Manufacturing excellent graphite electrodes requires quality materials which are strictly selected.

Graphite features a higher heat transfer rating, potential to deal with higher temperatures, and contains more strength against thermal shock than many other materials. Moreover, it excels in machinability in order to meet the requirements for a broader variety of dimensions. Thus, graphite may be the optimum material for scrap-melting electrodes.

GE are typically consumed at high temperatures due to reaction with oxygen being CO, CO2. The oxidation of electrodes starts at 500oC and accelerates its speed at 800oC (inside the furnace). Usage of graphite electrodes by sublimation occurs at 3400o. The pace of sublimation is proportional on the increase of current density.

Meanwhile, use of quality GE brings about contributions to saving energy and environmental conservation. Electric arc furnaces, together with the main aim of recycling steel scraps, market reuse of steel products.

Production organization of graphite electrodes might be divided as 10 stages the next:

Raw material transporting
Kneading
Extruding
Baking
Pitch Impregnation
Re-Baking
Graphitization
Machining
Inspection
Shipment
The typical sizes for graphite electrodes are from diameter 10″ (inch) to 30″(inch) and from length of 60″(inch) to 110″(inch). The weights are which range from 123 Kgs (10″ x 60″) to 2060 Kgs (30″ x 110″).

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